|
Lithogeochemistry
for Exploration and Research
All
elements are in ppm except where noted.
| |
INAA
|
INAA
|
WRA-ICP
|
Trace Element
|
WRA + trace
|
Trace Element
|
WRA + trace
|
WRA-XRF
|
XRF
|
XRF Pressed Pellet
|
Total IDENT
|
Total Ident
|
| |
4A-expl.
|
4A-research
|
4B
|
4B2-std
|
4Litho
|
4B2 research
|
4Litho
research
|
4C
|
4C Laterite
|
4C1
|
4E expl.
|
4E reserach
|
|
Al2O3
|
|
|
0.01%
|
|
0.01%
|
|
0.01%
|
0.01%
|
0.01%
|
|
0.01%
|
0.01%
|
|
CaO
|
|
|
0.01%
|
|
0.01%
|
|
0.01%
|
0.01%
|
0.01%
|
|
0.01%
|
0.01%
|
|
Cr2O3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.01%
|
0.01%
|
|
|
|
|
CuO
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.01%
|
|
|
|
|
Fe2O3
|
|
|
0.01%
|
|
0.01%
|
|
0.01%
|
0.01%
|
0.01%
|
|
0.01%
|
0.01%
|
|
K2O
|
|
|
0.01%
|
|
0.01%
|
|
0.01%
|
0.01%
|
0.01%
|
|
0.01%
|
0.01%
|
|
MgO
|
|
|
0.01%
|
|
0.01%
|
|
0.01%
|
0.01%
|
0.01%
|
|
0.01%
|
0.01%
|
|
MnO
|
|
|
0.001%
|
|
0.001%
|
|
0.001%
|
0.001%
|
0.01%
|
|
0.01%
|
0.01%
|
|
Na2O
|
|
|
0.01%
|
|
0.01%
|
|
0.01%
|
0.01%
|
0.01%
|
|
0.01%
|
0.01%
|
|
NiO
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.01%
|
|
|
|
|
P2O5
|
|
|
0.01%
|
|
0.01%
|
|
0.01%
|
0.01%
|
0.01%
|
|
0.01%
|
0.01%
|
|
SiO2
|
|
|
0.01%
|
|
0.01%
|
|
0.01%
|
0.01%
|
0.01%
|
|
0.01%
|
0.01%
|
|
TiO2
|
|
|
0.001%
|
|
0.001%
|
|
0.001%
|
0.01%
|
0.01%
|
|
0.005%
|
0.005%
|
|
LOI
|
|
|
0.01%
|
|
0.01%
|
|
0.01%
|
0.01%
|
0.01%
|
|
0.01%
|
0.01%
|
|
Ag
|
5
|
2
|
(0.5+)
|
0.5
|
0.5
|
0.5
|
0.5
|
|
|
|
0.5
|
0.5
|
|
As
|
2
|
1
|
(0.5++)
|
5 (0.5++)
|
5 (0.5++)
|
5 (0.5++)
|
5 (0.5++)
|
|
|
|
2
|
1
|
|
Au
|
5 ppb
|
2 ppb
|
(2 ppb++)
|
(2 ppb++)
|
(2 ppb++)
|
(2 ppb++)
|
(2 ppb++)
|
|
|
|
5 ppb
|
1 ppb
|
|
Ba
|
100
|
20
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
|
|
5*
|
3
|
1
|
|
Be
|
|
|
1
|
|
1
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
1
|
1
|
|
Bi
|
|
|
(10+)
|
0.4
|
0.4
|
0.1
|
0.1
|
|
|
|
10
|
10 (0.1+++)
|
|
Br
|
1
|
0.5
|
(0.5++)
|
(0.5++)
|
(0.5++)
|
(0.5++)
|
(0.5++)
|
|
|
|
1
|
0.5
|
|
Ca
|
0.5%
|
0.2%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cd
|
|
|
(0.5+)
|
(0.5+)
|
(0.5+)
|
(0.5+)
|
(0.5+)
|
|
|
|
0.5
|
0.5
|
|
Co
|
1
|
0.1
|
(1++)
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
5**
|
1
|
0.1
|
|
Cr
|
2
|
0.5
|
(5++)
|
20 (5++)
|
20 (5++)
|
20 (5++)
|
20 (5++)
|
|
|
5**
|
1
|
0.5
|
|
Cs
|
0.5
|
0.2
|
(1++)
|
0.5
|
0.5
|
0.1
|
0.1
|
|
|
|
0.5
|
0.2 (0.1+++)
|
|
Cu
|
|
|
(1+)
|
10 (1+)
|
10 (1+)
|
10 (1+)
|
10 (1+)
|
|
|
5**
|
1
|
1
|
|
Fe
|
0.02%
|
0.005%
|
|
(0.01%++)
|
(0.01%++)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ga
|
|
|
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
5*
|
(5***)
|
(5***) (1+++)
|
|
Ge
|
|
|
|
1
|
1
|
0.5
|
0.5
|
|
|
|
|
(0.5+++)
|
|
Hf
|
0.5
|
0.2
|
(1++)
|
0.2
|
0.2
|
0.1
|
0.1
|
|
|
|
0.5
|
0.2 (0.1+++)
|
|
In
|
|
|
|
0.2
|
0.2
|
0.1
|
0.1
|
|
|
|
|
(0.1+++)
|
|
Ir
|
5 ppb
|
2 ppb
|
(5 ppb++)
|
(5 ppb++)
|
(5 ppb++)
|
(5 ppb++)
|
(5 ppb++)
|
|
|
|
5 ppb
|
1 ppb
|
|
Mo
|
5
|
2
|
(5++)
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
|
|
|
5
|
2
|
|
Na
|
0.01%
|
0.001%
|
|
(0.01%++)
|
|
(0.01%++)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nb
|
|
|
|
1
|
1
|
0.2
|
0.2
|
|
|
1*
|
(2***)
|
(2***) (0.2+++)
|
|
Ni
|
100
|
50
|
(1+)
|
20 (1+)
|
20 (1+)
|
20 (1+)
|
20 (1+)
|
|
|
4**
|
1
|
1
|
|
Pb
|
|
|
(5+)
|
5
|
5
|
5
|
5
|
|
|
5**
|
5
|
5
|
|
Rb
|
20
|
10
|
(20++)
|
2
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
2*
|
20 (2***)
|
10 (2***) (1+++)
|
|
S
|
|
|
(100+)
|
(100+)
|
(100+)
|
(100+)
|
(100+)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sb
|
0.2
|
0.1
|
(0.2++)
|
0.5 (0.2++)
|
0.5 (0.2++)
|
0.2
|
0.2
|
|
|
|
0.2
|
0.1
|
|
Sc
|
0.1
|
0.01
|
1
|
(0.1++)
|
1 (0.1++)
|
(0.1++)
|
1 (0.1++)
|
|
|
|
0.1
|
0.01
|
|
Se
|
3
|
0.5
|
(3++)
|
(3++)
|
(3++)
|
(3++)
|
(3++)
|
|
|
|
3
|
0.5
|
|
Sn
|
|
|
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
5
|
(5***)
|
(5***) (1+++)
|
|
Sr
|
500
|
100
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
|
|
2*
|
2
|
2
|
|
Ta
|
1
|
0.3
|
(0.5++)
|
0.1
|
0.1
|
0.01
|
0.01
|
|
|
|
1
|
0.3 (0.01+++)
|
|
Th
|
0.5
|
0.1
|
(0.2++)
|
0.1
|
0.1
|
0.05
|
0.05
|
|
|
|
0.5
|
0.1 (0.05+++)
|
|
Tl
|
|
|
|
0.1
|
0.1
|
0.05
|
0.05
|
|
|
|
|
(0.05+++)
|
|
U
|
0.5
|
0.1
|
(0.5++)
|
0.1
|
0.1
|
0.01
|
0.01
|
|
|
|
0.5
|
0.1 (0.01+++)
|
|
V
|
|
|
5
|
5
|
5
|
5
|
5
|
|
|
5 **
|
5
|
5
|
|
W
|
3
|
1
|
(1++)
|
1
|
1
|
0.5
|
0.5
|
|
|
|
3
|
1
|
|
Y
|
|
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
0.5
|
0.5
|
|
|
2*
|
1
|
1
|
|
Zn
|
40
|
10
|
(1+)
|
30 (1+)
|
30 (1+)
|
30 (1+)
|
30 (1+)
|
|
|
5**
|
1
|
1
|
|
Zr
|
|
|
4
|
5
|
5
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
5*
|
4
|
4 (1+++)
|
|
La
|
0.2
|
0.05
|
(0.5++)
|
0.1
|
0.1
|
0.05
|
0.05
|
|
|
|
0.5
|
0.05 (0.05+++)
|
|
Ce
|
3
|
1
|
(3++)
|
0.1
|
0.1
|
0.05
|
0.05
|
|
|
|
3
|
1 (0.05+++)
|
|
Pr
|
|
(†0.01 )
|
|
0.05
|
0.05
|
0.01
|
0.01
|
|
|
|
|
(0.01+++)
|
|
Nd
|
5
|
1
|
(5++)
|
0.1
|
0.1
|
0.05
|
0.05
|
|
|
|
5
|
1 (0.05+++)
|
|
Sm
|
0.1
|
0.01
|
(0.1++)
|
0.1
|
0.1
|
0.01
|
0.01
|
|
|
|
0.1
|
0.01
|
|
Eu
|
0.1
|
0.05
|
(0.2++)
|
0.05
|
0.05
|
0.005
|
0.005
|
|
|
|
0.1
|
0.05 (0.005+++)
|
|
Gd
|
|
(†0.01 )
|
|
0.1
|
0.1
|
0.01
|
0.01
|
|
|
|
|
(0.01+++)
|
|
Tb
|
0.5
|
0.1
|
(0.5++)
|
0.1
|
0.1
|
0.01
|
0.01
|
|
|
|
0.5
|
0.1 (0.01+++)
|
|
Dy
|
|
(†0.01 )
|
|
0.1
|
0.1
|
0.01
|
0.01
|
|
|
|
|
(0.01+++)
|
|
Ho
|
|
(†0.01 )
|
|
0.1
|
0.1
|
0.01
|
0.01
|
|
|
|
|
(0.01+++)
|
|
Er
|
|
(†0.01 )
|
|
0.1
|
0.1
|
0.01
|
0.01
|
|
|
|
|
(0.01+++)
|
|
Tm
|
|
(†0.01 )
|
|
0.05
|
0.05
|
0.005
|
0.005
|
|
|
|
|
(0.005+++)
|
|
Yb
|
0.1
|
0.05
|
(0.2++)
|
0.1
|
0.1
|
0.01
|
0.01
|
|
|
|
0.1
|
0.05 (0.01+++)
|
|
Lu
|
0.05
|
0.01
|
(0.05++)
|
0.01
|
0.04
|
0.002
|
0.002
|
|
|
|
0.05
|
0.01 (0.002+++)
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
#
samples
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1-10
|
$31.75
|
$72.75
|
$42.50
|
$60.50
|
$82.50
|
$97.00
|
$117.50
|
$43.75
|
$53.00
|
See Code 4C1 below
|
$59.50
|
$131.00
|
|
11+
|
$29.25
|
$69.25
|
$36.50
|
$54.50
|
$70.50
|
$84.75
|
$99.50
|
$37.75
|
$46.75
|
$54.50
|
$121.00
|
(†)
Optional elements, see Code 4A
(++)
Optional elements by INAA, Code 4BINAA
(+)
Optional elements by multiacid digestion ICP, Code
4B1
Notes:
Code
4A
- Both the exploration and research grades are
determined by INAA. A
minimum sample weight of 2 g is recommended.
REE chondrite plots are provided at no charge
with the research grade or at $1.50 per sample
for the exploration grade. For
elements indicated with †(Code 4A RES/MS)
by fusion ICP/MS, add $34.25.
Codes
4B, 4B2-STD, 4B2-RESEARCH, 4LITHO, 4LITHORESEARCH - Actlabs has developed a lithium
metaborate/tetraborate fusion ICP Whole Rock
Package Code 4B and a trace element ICP/MS
package Code 4B2 which is unique for scope
of elements and detection limits. The two
packages are combined for Code 4Litho and
Code 4Lithoresearch. The quality of whole
rock data in Code 4B meets or exceeds
quality of data by fusion XRF Code 4C, the
old standard in whole rock analysis.
The fusion process ensures total metals particularly
for elements like REE in resistate phases. (This
may not be the case for acid digestions,
particularly for heavy rare earths and other
elements contained in refractory
minerals like zircon, sphene, monazite, chromite,
gahnite and several other phases. If refractory
minerals are not digested, a bias
may occur for certain REE and HFSE with acid
digestions). Quality
of data is exceptional and can be used for
the most exacting applications. The
trace element package by ICP/MS, Codes 4B2-STD
or 4B2-RESEARCH, on the fusion solution provides
research quality data whether using standard
or research detection limits. Eu determinations
are semiquantitative in samples having extremely
high Ba concentrations (greater than 1%). This
package is intended primarily for
unmineralized samples. Mineralized samples
can be analyzed, however, data may
be semiquantitative for chalcophile elements
(Ag, As, Bi, Co, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sn,
W and Zn). When quantitative values for
the chalcophile elements are required on
mineralized samples, please indicate as Code
4B2-STDQUANT, 4B2-RESEARCHQUANT, 4LITHOQUANT
or 4LITHORESEARCHQUANT, and a surcharge
of $19.75 per sample will apply. A minimum
sample weight of 5 g is required. Elements with (+) are available (Code 4B1) for
an additional $10.25 per sample. Those
indicated with (++) are available by INAA (Code
4B-INAA) for an additional $18.25
per sample. Please
add 0.5 to 30 g depending on sample size
you prefer to analyze for Au with this
option. Values on replicates and standards
are provided at no cost, as are REE plots.
Code
4C -
The tried and true fusion XRF whole rock
package. Samples containing high
barite or high sulphide (greater than 1%)
should be analyzed with Code 4B. A
minimum sample weight of 3 g is required. We
reserve the right to change analytical method
to Code 4B if required by the sample
composition.
Code
4C1 -
This XRF pressed pellet method requires a minimum
sample weight of 6 g. The XRF pressed
pellet method is only suitable for low metal
content of below 1% for each element listed.
Prices:
1st element - $12.25; each additional - $4.00;
** lot - $22.00;
* lot - $22.00.
Each element not in *
or **, add $4.00 per element.
Code
4E -
This unique package uses ICP, INAA, ICP/MS
and XRF technologies to completely
characterize geological samples. Two different
grades of analysis (exploration and research)
are provided depending upon your requirements. This
package is not suitable for analyzing concentrates
or mill products. A minimum sample weight
of 5 g is required.
Code
4E Options
• Ga, Pb, Sn, Nb and Rb (Code 4E-XRF) indicated
by (***) by Pressed Pellet XRF add $22.00. This
package can be added to Code 4E exploration or
Code 4E research (please add 6 g of sample).
• The Code 4E ICP/MS add-on option (detection
limits indicated by +++) can only be added to Code 4E research grade
at an additional cost of $36.50.
• Any
selections from Code 4F can be added to Code
4E exploration or research
Code
4F -
Other analyses associated with WRA (can be
added to any Code 4 package). Add
1 gram for each option chosen.
|
FeO
(0.1%) by Titration
|
$18.25
|
|
CO2 (0.01%)
by Coulometry
|
$18.25
|
|
S
(0.01%) by Infrared
|
$18.25
|
|
H2O
+/- (0.1%) by Gravimetric
|
$24.25
|
|
SO4
(0.05%) by Infrared
|
$24.25
|
|
C,
S (0.01%) by Infrared
|
$24.25
|
|
Cl
(0.01%) by INAA
|
$26.75
|
|
B
(0.5 ppm) by PGNAA
|
$34.25
|
|
Hg
by Cold Vapour FIMS
|
$9.25
|
|
B
(2 ppm) by PGNAA
|
$22.00
|
|
F
(0.01%) by ISE
|
$12.25
|
|
N
(total) Thermal Conductivity
|
$42.50
|
|
